Cryptococcus laurentii fungaemia in a cervical cancer patient

ABSTRACT Infections caused by emerging Cryptococcus non-neoformans species are being reported with increasingly frequency. Here, we present a case of fungaemia byCryptococcus laurentii in a woman receiving aggressive immunosuppressive therapy for cervical neoplasia. Three venous blood samples were aseptically collected on consecutive days and C. laurentiiwas isolated and identified through phenotypic and molecular methods. After central venous catheter removal and appropriate antifungal therapy, the patient showed significant improvement and blood culture became negative. Thus, patients following immunosuppressive therapies and using invasive medical devices are at risk of C. laurentii blood infections.

Presence of high-grade intraepithelial lesions among women deprived of their liberty: a documental study / Presença de lesões intraepiteliais de alto grau entre mulheres privadas de liberdade: estudo documental / Presencia de lesiones intraepiteliales de alto grado a las mujeres privadas de libertad: estudio documental

The aim of this study was to analyze the results of the Pap smears of women deprived of their liberty. It is a retrospective, documental study, with a quantitative approach, performed in a female prison of Ceará, Brazil, with a sample of 672 patient records. Regarding the microbiological findings, it was verified that the main cervical-vaginal colonization was by bacilli suggestive of Gardnerella/Mobiluncus (21.8%), followed by Trichomonas vaginalis (12%), and Candida sp (5.8%). The frequencies of samples with atypical cells presented rates of 4.1% for Atypical Cells of Undetermined Significance; 3.2% for Low-grade Intraepithelial Lesions; and 2.5% for High-grade Intraepithelial Lesions. The importance of screening for cervical cancer in female prisons was highlighted, as well as the inclusion of the nurse in this environment, ensuring individualized, quality care for women deprived of their liberty.

Objetivou-se analisar os resultados dos exames citopatológicos de mulheres privadas de liberdade. Estudo documental, retrospectivo, com abordagem quantitativa, desenvolvida em uma penitenciária feminina do Ceará, Brasil, com amostra de 672 prontuários. Quanto aos achados microbiológicos, foi verificado que a principal colonização cérvico-vaginal foram os bacilos sugestivos de Gardnerella/Mobiluncus com 21,8%, seguidos de Trichomonas vaginalis 12,% e Candida sp em 5,8%. As frequências de amostras com atipias celulares mostraram índices de 4,1% para atipias de significado indeterminado; lesões intraepiteliais de baixo grau 3,2% e lesões intraepiteliais de alto grau 2,5%. Conclui-se sobre a importância do rastreio do câncer cervical nos presídios femininos, bem como a inserção do enfermeiro nesse ambiente, garantindo cuidado individualizado e de qualidade para as mulheres privadas de liberdade.

El objetivo fue analizar los resultados de la prueba de Papanicolaou de mujeres privadas de libertad. Tipo de estudio documental, con un enfoque cuantitativo, desarrollado en una cárcel de mujeres en Ceará-Brasil, con muestra de 672 archivos. En cuanto a los resultados microbiológicos se comprobó que el principal colonización de cáncer cervical-vaginal fueron los Bacilos sugestivos de Gardnerella/Mobiluncus con 21,8%, seguido de Trichomonas vaginalis 12% y Cándida sp 5,8%. Las frecuencias de las muestras con atipia celular se registraron tasas de 4,1% para Atipias de significado indeterminado; Lesiones Intraepiteliales de bajo grado 3,2% y Lesiones Intraepiteliales de alto grado 2,5%. La conclusión es la importancia de la detección del cáncer cervical en las cárceles de mujeres, así como la inclusión de los enfermeros en este entorno al tiempo que garantiza una calidad y una atención individualizada a las mujeres presas.

Occurrence of Ureaplasma parvum and Ureaplasma urealyticum in Women with Cervical Dysplasia in Katowice, Poland

The aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of genital mycoplasmas, especially Ureaplasma parvum and Ureaplasma urealyticum, in women with atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS), low grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL) and high grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL), compared to women with normal cytology living in Katowice, Poland. Two sterile swabs were used to obtain material from the posterior vaginal fornix of 143 women with squamous intraepithelial lesions and 39 healthy women: first for general bacteriology, second for detection of urogenital mycoplasmas using Mycoplasma IST2 kit. From each positive Mycoplasma IST2 culture DNA was isolated and PCR was performed for identification of U. parvum and U. urealyticum. Mycoplasma IST was positive in 34.1% cases. Urogenital mycoplasmas were demonstrated in women with HSIL significantly more often compared to women with LSIL, ASCUS, and with normal cytology. DNA of U. parvum was demonstrated in majority of Mycoplasma IST2-positive cases, U. urealyticum DNA-only in 9 (4.9%). Predominance of 3/14 serovars of U. parvum was demonstrated. U. urealyticum biovar 2 was present more often in women with squamous intraepithelial lesions.

Gardnerella vaginallis: a cofactor in cervical neoplasia?

Gardnerella vaginalis has been associated with cervical lesions. This agent produces nitrosamines that are transformed into carcinogenic derivatives by the cell metabolism. On the other hand, it seems that G. vaginalis can act synergistically with oncogenic agents, such as papillomarivus. The present paper, a five-year study, reports a significantly higher incidence of G. vaginallis infection (p<0.01) in patients whose PAP smears showed features of CIN. Comparing the incidence of this agent in the three grades of CIN cases, a higher incidence in the CIN I group (p<0.001) was observed. We emphasize the importance of PAP and clinical follow-up in patients with G. vaginalis infection in order to search for CIN features.

Bleeding cervices: the microbial, cytologic, colposcopic and histopathologic evaluation.

This study was conducted to evaluate microbial, preneoplastic and neoplastic lesions and other risk factors associated with bleeding cervices and to determine the association between specific lower genital tract infections and cytologic, colposcopic and histopathologic findings in the same group of patients. Over a period of 3 years, 76 patients in sexually active reproductive age [18-48] with bleeding cervices were evaluated by microbiologic, cytologic, colposcopic and histopathologic examination. Current infection with Neisseria gonorrhoea, Chlamydia trachomatis and Trichomonas vaginalis and serologic evidence of past infection with herpes simplex virus type 2 [HSV-2] and C. trachomatis were tested

Chlamydia trachomatis y displasia cervical / Chlamydia trachomatis and cervical dysplasia

Fueron estudiadas 50 pacientes entre 18 y 70 años de edad en el Servicio de Ginecología y Obstetricia del Hospital General Dr. "gonzalo Castañeda" del ISSSTE, las pacientes fueron remitidas por presentar citología cervical positiva a displasia leve, moderada y severa, asimismo se realiza búsqueda intencional de Chlamydia trachomatis tanto en la citología como por el método de inmunofluorescencia, así como toma de biopsia dirigida. Se encontró asociación positiva en 10 pacientes (20 por ciento) demostrándose que la Chlamydia trachomatis es un promotor y modificador de la atipia cervical

Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 3, coinfected with HPV-16 and -18: case report

Recently, detection of human papillomavirus (HPV)mRNA expression was made possible by in situ hybridization. We described a patient with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 3, showing a distinctive and rare form of co-infection with HPV type 16 and 18. HPV-16 was detected in high grade squamous intraepithelial neoplastic lesion (CIN 3) and HPV-18 was in low grade lesion just adjacent to the HPV-16 infected area. This case suggests that HPV infection may be one of the most responsible causative agents producing malignant transformation and two distinctive HPV types can also simultaneously infect the squamous epithelium of the uterine cervix.

A comparative study of PAP technique and in-situ molecular hybridization for identification of human papilloma viruses in cervical lesions.

The association of Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) with cervical lesions was correlated using peroxidase anti-peroxidase (PAP) technique and in-situ molecular hybridization (MH) with H3 labelled DNA probes (HPV type 6, 11, 16 and 18). The PAP technique to demonstrate capsid antigen and molecular hybridization for DNA sequences was studied in 30 cases. The correlation of HPV with cervical lesions was seen in 29.9% cases with PAP technique unlike 73.4% using M.H. technique, indicating the efficacy of the latter.